Canine Lymphomas

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Canine lymphomas are a group of 30 types of commonly diagnosed cancers, the most common is called Multicentric.  These cancers vary tremendously in their behavior. Some can progress rapidly and are acute conditions if treatment is not started. Others will progress slowly and can be managed as chronic diseases. They can affect any body organ but most are found in lymph nodes. Eventually they can spread to other organs such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow.

White blood cells called lymphocytes protect the body from infection and are the cells that are involved in this disease.  However the exact cause of lymphoma in dogs is not known. Some possible causes may be viruses, bacteria and even chemical exposure. In human medicine suppression of the immune system is considered a risk factor.  It is not known if this same link exists in dogs.

The most common initial symptom of multicentric lymphoma in dogs is firm, enlarged, non-painful lymph nodes. Often the mandibular (under the jaw) and popliteal (behind the knee) are the most noticeable. The best way to diagnose lymphoma is to perform a biopsy.

The most effective therapy for most types of canine lymphoma is chemotherapy. Surgery or radiation therapy may also be recommended. There are numerous chemotherapy treatment protocols for dogs with multicentric lymphoma and they can be quite successful in bringing about remission.

 

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